Defectas are faulty, defective imperfect individuals.
Defects can be temporary and caused by bad nutrition or water imbalance but also may be true and passed to the next generation of plants. Defects can be severe to the point of killing the plant or subtle almost not noticeable. Commonly it is seen on the spines, some missing ones up to the total absence of them. Here a Dyckia encholirioides found in nature. It presents three faults or problems: it is xhantic, presents missing spines and also makes lots of basal new plants
Alterations are all part of evolution. They can make new varieties, species make some despearings but they are real life on Dyckia fields.
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